Growth of Lead Titanate (PbTiO3) Single Crystals

Birefringence of lead titanate (PbTiO3)

Since lead titanate was ®rst grown in single-crystal form in the 1930s, several independent reports of its linear birefringence have been published. Whilst there is overall qualitative agreement on its behaviour with temperature, the absolute values show some degree of variation. At 298 K they range from ÿ0.009 to ÿ0.013, a relative spread of 40%, whilst at 673 K the discrepancy is even greater...

Effects of Li2O and Na2O Addition on Growth and Electrical Properties of PbTiO3 Single Crystals

parent red-brown and brown single crystals, respec tively, and had average size of 3.0•~2.8•~1.1mm and 3.6•~2.8•~1.0mm. (3) The content of Li2O in all the Li doped crystals was less than 0.01wt%, whereas the Na2O content was more than 0.07wt% and increased with increasing addition of Na2O. (4) Crystals doped with Li2O showed no variations in the lattice constant, but the lattice constant of c-a...

Growth and Characterization of Lead-free Piezoelectric Single Crystals

Lead-free piezoelectric materials attract more and more attention owing to the environmental toxicity of lead-containing materials. In this work, we review our first attempts of single crystal grown by the top-seeded solution growth method of BaTiO₃ substituted with zirconium and calcium (BCTZ) and (K0.5Na0.5)NbO₃ substituted with lithium, tantalum, and antimony (KNLSTN). The growth methodology...

Hydrogen-related dynamic dielectric behavior of barium titanate single crystals

Barium titanate single crystals had been placed in 0.01M NaOH solution to deposit hydrogen on their electrodes through the electrolysis of water. Two kinds of time-dependent changes in dielectric properties of the single crystals were observed: One occurred in the course of hydrogen deposition and the other lasted for a long period of time after the deposition. The diffusion of hydrogen and in ...

Electrical conduction properties of La - substituted bismuth titanate single crystals